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retrodiction

noun/ˌrɛtroʊˈdɪkʃən/

the act of making predictions about the past based on present evidence

The researchers engaged in a compelling retrodiction of historical climate patterns, showing how current data aligns with past temperatures.

retroactive predictionhindsight predictionbackward prediction
word origin — The word 'retrodiction' is a combination of 'retro-', a prefix meaning 'backward' or 'in the past', and 'prediction', derived from the Latin word 'praedictio', meaning 'foretelling'.