detection, fallacy, consequence, anomaly, accusation: meanings and examples

Learn these 5 words from TOEFL Vocabulary set 75. Each entry includes a definition, example sentence, pronunciation, and synonyms. Use the interactive cards above to practice them.

1. detection · noun/dɪˈtɛkʃən/

   the process of discovering or identifying the presence of something

   The early detection of diseases can significantly improve treatment outcomes.

   Synonyms: discovery, identification, spotting

   Origin: from Latin 'detectio', meaning 'a discovering or uncovering'; from 'detegere', meaning 'to uncover'

2. fallacy · noun/ˈfɑː.lə.si/

   an error in reasoning or a mistaken belief

   The belief that raising taxes will always harm the economy is a common fallacy that ignores the potential benefits of increased public investment.

   Synonyms: misconception, delusion, error

   Origin: from Latin 'fallacia', meaning 'deception', from 'fallax', meaning 'deceptive'.

3. consequence · noun/ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

   a result or effect of an action or condition

   The consequence of not studying for the exam was a disappointing grade.

   Synonyms: result, outcome, effect

   Origin: from the Latin 'consequentia', meaning 'following, following after'

4. anomaly · noun/əˈnɑː.mə.li/

   something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected

   The scientist discovered an anomaly in the data that could indicate a previously unknown phenomenon.

   Synonyms: irregularity, exception, peculiarity

   Origin: from Greek 'anomalía', meaning 'irregularity, discrepancy'

5. accusation · noun/ˌæk.jəˈzeɪ.ʃən/

   a claim that someone has done something illegal or wrong

   The accusation of fraud against the company led to a thorough investigation by the authorities.

   Synonyms: allegation, charge, claim

   Origin: from Middle French 'accusation', from Latin 'accusatio', from 'accusare' meaning 'to accuse'