TOEFL Vocabulary — Set 20

Set 20 of TOEFL Vocabulary covers 5 words: banish, extol, preclude, covet, instigate. Each entry below includes its definition, an example sentence, and synonyms — practice them with the interactive cards above.

1. banish · verb/ˈbænɪʃ/

   to expel or remove someone from a place or situation

   The king decided to banish the traitor from the kingdom forever.

   Synonyms: exile, expel, dismiss

   Origin: Middle English 'banishen', from Old French 'banir', from Latin 'bannire', meaning 'to proclaim, to ban'.

2. extol · verb/ɪkˈstoʊl/

   to praise highly or enthusiastically

   The critics extol the artist's creativity and innovative approach to modern art.

   Synonyms: praise, laud, acclaim

   Origin: from Latin 'extollere', meaning 'to raise high' (ex- 'up' + tollere 'to lift')

3. preclude · verb/prɪˈklud/

   to make impossible or prevent from happening

   The heavy rainfall and flooding preclude any outdoor activities for the weekend.

   Synonyms: prevent, hinder, exclude

   Origin: from Latin 'praecludere' meaning 'to shut off' or 'to close beforehand'

4. covet · verb/ˈkʌv.ɪt/

   to desire something greatly, often something belonging to another

   Many young athletes covet fame and recognition, often overlooking the hard work that comes with it.

   Synonyms: desire, crave, envy

   Origin: from Old French 'coveitier', from Latin 'cupiditas', meaning 'eagerness, desire'

5. instigate · verb/ˈɪn.stɪ.ɡeɪt/

   to provoke or stir up an action or event

   The controversial policy was intended to instigate a public debate about healthcare reforms.

   Synonyms: provoke, incite, stir

   Origin: Late Latin 'instigare', meaning 'to urge on'.