TOEFL Vocabulary — Set 172

Set 172 of TOEFL Vocabulary covers 5 words: aptitude, dictator, demise, repertoire, adjunct. Each entry below includes its definition, an example sentence, and synonyms — practice them with the interactive cards above.

1. aptitude · noun/ˈæp.tɪ.tuːd/

   natural ability to do something or learn something

   Her natural aptitude for mathematics was evident from a young age, as she easily grasped complex concepts that others struggled with.

   Synonyms: ability, talent, skill

   Origin: from Latin 'aptitudo', meaning 'fitness, suitability'

2. dictator · noun/dɪkˈteɪtər/

   a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force

   The dictator ruled with an iron fist, suppressing any dissent and silencing opposition voices.

   Synonyms: tyrant, despot, autocrat

   Origin: from Latin 'dictator', meaning 'one who dictates', derived from 'dictare', which means 'to say' or 'to dictate'

3. demise · noun/dɪˈmaɪz/

   the death or permanent cessation of existence

   The company's sudden demise came as a shock to its loyal employees and investors alike.

   Synonyms: death, passing, end

   Origin: from Middle English 'demise', from Old French 'démi(se)', from Latin 'demissio(n-)' which means 'a sending down, a letting down'.

4. repertoire · noun/ˈrɛp.ɚ.twɑːr/

   a set of skills, abilities, or devices that a person or group regularly uses

   As a seasoned chef, she had an extensive repertoire of cooking techniques that allowed her to create diverse and delicious dishes.

   Synonyms: inventory, range, toolbox

   Origin: The word 'repertoire' comes from the French 'répertoire,' which denotes a list of works or a collection of skills. Its roots can be traced back to the Latin 'reperire,' meaning 'to find or discover.'

5. adjunct · noun/ˈædʒʌŋkt/

   something added to another thing but not an essential part of it

   The university offered an adjunct position for experienced professionals to teach evening courses.

   Synonyms: addition, supplement, appendage

   Origin: from Latin 'adjunctus', the past participle of 'adjungere', meaning to join or attach to