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simulation

noun/ˌsɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time

The flight simulation software allows pilots to practice emergency procedures in a safe and controlled environment.

emulationimitationreproduction
word origin — from Latin 'simulatio', from 'simulare', meaning 'to make similar'

TOEFL Vocabulary — Set 17

Set 17 of TOEFL Vocabulary covers 5 words: simulation, criteria, curriculum, ennui, irrigation. Each entry below includes its definition, an example sentence, and synonyms — practice them with the interactive cards above.

  1. simulation · noun/ˌsɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

    the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time

    The flight simulation software allows pilots to practice emergency procedures in a safe and controlled environment.

    Synonyms: emulation, imitation, reproduction

    Origin: from Latin 'simulatio', from 'simulare', meaning 'to make similar'

  2. criteria · noun/kraɪˈtɪriə/

    standards or principles used to evaluate or make decisions

    The selection committee will evaluate all applicants based on specific criteria outlined in the job description.

    Synonyms: standards, principles, benchmarks

    Origin: from Greek 'kriterion', meaning 'a means for judging'

  3. curriculum · noun/kəˈrɪkjələm/

    the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college

    The school is revamping its curriculum to include more hands-on activities in science classes.

    Synonyms: syllabus, course outline, program

    Origin: from Latin 'curriculum', meaning 'a running, course' or 'a race, career', derived from 'currere' meaning 'to run'.

  4. ennui · noun/ˌɑnˈwi/

    a feeling of listlessness and dissatisfaction arising from a lack of occupation or excitement

    After months of isolation during the pandemic, she was overwhelmed by a profound sense of ennui that made every day feel the same.

    Synonyms: boredom, listlessness, apathy

    Origin: French, from 'ennuyer' meaning 'to bore' or 'to weary'

  5. irrigation · noun/ˌɪrəˈɡeɪʃən/

    the artificial application of water to soil or land to assist in growing crops

    The farmers in the region rely heavily on efficient irrigation systems to ensure their crops receive enough water.

    Synonyms: watering, hydration, moistening

    Origin: from Latin 'irrigatio', from 'irrigare' meaning 'to water' or 'to bedew'