latent, dogmatic, recalcitrant, zealous, tractable: meanings and examples

Learn these 5 words from TOEFL Vocabulary set 165. Each entry includes a definition, example sentence, pronunciation, and synonyms. Use the interactive cards above to practice them.

1. latent · adjective/ˈleɪ.tənt/

   existing but not yet developed or manifest; hidden or concealed

   The scientist conducted experiments to uncover the latent potential of the new material.

   Synonyms: dormant, concealed, hidden

   Origin: from Latin 'latens', present participle of 'latere' meaning 'to lie hidden'

2. dogmatic · adjective/dɔɡˈmætɪk/

   asserting opinions in an arrogant or uncompromising way

   Her dogmatic stance on environmental policies makes it difficult to engage in constructive dialogue with her.

   Synonyms: doctrinaire, rigid, opinionated

   Origin: derived from the Greek word 'dogma', meaning 'that which one thinks is true'

3. recalcitrant · adjective/rɪˈkæl.sɪ.trənt/

   stubbornly resistant to authority or control

   The teacher found the recalcitrant student difficult to manage, as he constantly challenged the rules of the classroom.

   Synonyms: unruly, obstinate, defiant

   Origin: From Latin 'recalcitrans', the present participle of 'recalcitrare', meaning 'to kick back or oppose'.

4. zealous · adjective/ˈzɛləs/

   having or showing great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or objective

   The zealous supporters of the new policy rallied in the streets to express their enthusiasm for change.

   Synonyms: enthusiastic, fervent, passionate

   Origin: from the Latin word 'zelos', meaning 'zeal, fervor'

5. tractable · adjective/ˈtræktəbl/

   easily managed or controlled

   The new training program resulted in a more tractable team that was able to adapt to changes quickly.

   Synonyms: manageable, docile, compliant

   Origin: from Latin 'tractabilis', from 'tractare' meaning 'to handle or manage'