Set 132 · Study 1 / 5

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expenditure

noun/ɪk'spɛndɪtʃɚ/

definition

the act of spending funds or resources

example

The government's annual expenditure on education has significantly increased this year, reflecting a commitment to improving school facilities.

synonyms
spendingoutlaydisbursement
word origin — Derived from the Latin 'expendere', which means 'to weigh out' or 'to spend'.

TOEFL Vocabulary — Set 132

Set 132 of TOEFL Vocabulary covers 5 words: expenditure, dissent, trepidation, judiciary, installation. Each entry below includes its definition, an example sentence, and synonyms — practice them with the interactive cards above.

  1. expenditure · noun/ɪk'spɛndɪtʃɚ/

    the act of spending funds or resources

    The government's annual expenditure on education has significantly increased this year, reflecting a commitment to improving school facilities.

    Synonyms: spending, outlay, disbursement

    Origin: Derived from the Latin 'expendere', which means 'to weigh out' or 'to spend'.

  2. dissent · noun/dɪˈsɛnt/

    the expression of holding opinions at variance with those previously, commonly, or officially held

    The government faced significant dissent from activists who opposed the new legislation.

    Synonyms: disagreement, disagreement, opposition

    Origin: from Latin 'dissentire', meaning 'to feel differently', combining 'dis-' meaning 'apart' and 'sentire' meaning 'to feel'.

  3. trepidation · noun/ˌtrɛpɪˈdeɪʃən/

    a feeling of fear or agitation about something that may happen

    She approached the stage with trepidation, feeling the weight of everyone's expectations.

    Synonyms: apprehension, anxiety, fear

    Origin: from Latin 'trepidationem', which means 'a trembling' or 'agitation', derived from 'trepidare' meaning 'to tremble'

  4. judiciary · noun/dʒuˈdɪʃ.əˌri/

    the judicial branch of government responsible for interpreting laws and administering justice

    The independence of the judiciary is crucial for upholding the rule of law in any democratic society.

    Synonyms: court system, legal system, judiciary branch

    Origin: from Latin 'judicium' meaning 'judgment' or 'to judge'

  5. installation · noun/ɪnˈstɑː.leɪ.ʃən/

    the act of setting up or equipping something for use

    The installation of the new software was completed ahead of schedule, making the system available for use sooner than expected.

    Synonyms: setup, positioning, arrangement

    Origin: The word 'installation' comes from the Latin 'instalare', meaning to place or establish.