exude, refrain, enrage, perish, plunder: meanings and examples

Learn these 5 words from SAT Vocabulary Level 2 set 280. Each entry includes a definition, example sentence, pronunciation, and synonyms. Use the interactive cards above to practice them.

1. exude · verb/ɪɡˈzud/

   to release or emit a substance or quality gradually

   The flowers exude a sweet fragrance, attracting bees and other pollinators.

   Synonyms: release, emit, ooze

   Origin: Originating from the Latin word 'exsudare', meaning 'to sweat out', composed of 'ex-' (out) and 'sudare' (to sweat).

2. refrain · verb/rɪˈfreɪn/

   to stop oneself from doing something

   I tried to refrain from commenting on the heated discussion, as I didn't want to escalate the situation.

   Synonyms: abstain, desist, withhold

   Origin: Middle English from Old French 'refrener' from Latin 'refrænare' (to restrain).

3. enrage · verb/ɪnˈreɪdʒ/

   to make someone very angry

   The unfair decision to dismiss her appeal will surely enrage many supporters of her cause.

   Synonyms: infuriate, anger, exasperate

   Origin: from the prefix 'en-' meaning 'to cause to be' + 'rage', derived from Old French 'rage' meaning 'fury, anger'.

4. perish · verb/ˈpɛrɪʃ/

   to die or cease to exist

   Without proper care, many species may perish in their natural habitats.

   Synonyms: die, fade, vanish

   Origin: Middle English, from Old French 'perisshe' or Latin 'perire' meaning to pass away, die

5. plunder · verb/ˈplʌndər/

   to steal goods typically using force and in a time of war or civil disorder

   During the invasion, soldiers began to plunder the local villages, taking anything of value left behind by the inhabitants.

   Synonyms: loot, pillage, maraud

   Origin: Middle English plunder, from Middle Low German plündern, of uncertain origin