encumbrance, shackle, veneer, extremity, oblivion: meanings and examples

Learn these 5 words from SAT Vocabulary Level 2 set 124. Each entry includes a definition, example sentence, pronunciation, and synonyms. Use the interactive cards above to practice them.

1. encumbrance · noun/ɪnˈkʌmbrəns/

   a burden or hindrance that restricts or limits action or progress

   The heavy debt became an encumbrance that limited her ability to invest in her business.

   Synonyms: burden, hindrance, impediment

   Origin: from Old French 'encumberer', from en- 'in' + cumbrer 'to hinder', from Latin 'cumulare' 'to heap up'

2. shackle · noun/ˈʃæk.əl/

   a device used to restrain a prisoner by fastening their wrists or ankles together

   The guards placed heavy shackles on the prisoner's ankles to prevent him from escaping.

   Synonyms: manacle, handcuff, restraint

   Origin: Middle English 'shackel,' from Old English 'sceacule,' related to 'shackle' meaning to bind or tie.

3. veneer · noun/vəˈnɪr/

   a thin layer of decorative material applied to a surface

   The beautiful veneer on the cabinets gave the kitchen an elegant and modern look.

   Synonyms: laminate, facade, overlay

   Origin: Derived from the French word 'vèneer', which means 'to cover' or 'to coat', and is derived from the Middle Dutch 'fineere'.

4. extremity · noun/ɪkˈstrɛmɪti/

   the farthest or most remote part or point

   Explorers discovered a hidden cave at the extremity of the mountain range, far from any known trails.

   Synonyms: end, verge, limit

   Origin: Middle English, from Latin extremitas, from extremus 'outermost, farthest'

5. oblivion · noun/əˈblɪv.i.ən/

   the state of being forgotten or unknown

   After years of neglect, the once-popular landmark fell into oblivion, forgotten by the locals and tourists alike.

   Synonyms: forgetfulness, obscurity, unawareness

   Origin: Middle English 'oblivion,' from Old French 'oblivion', from Latin 'oblivio', from 'oblivisci' meaning 'to forget'