irrational, ominous, coercive, dubious, faddish: meanings and examples

Learn these 5 words from SAT Vocabulary Level 2 set 117. Each entry includes a definition, example sentence, pronunciation, and synonyms. Use the interactive cards above to practice them.

1. irrational · adjective/ɪˈræʃ.ə.nəl/

   not based on reason or logic

   His fear of flying seemed completely irrational, especially given the safety statistics of modern air travel.

   Synonyms: illogical, unreasonable, absurd

   Origin: Late Middle English: from Old French 'irrationel' or from Latin 'irrationalis', from in- 'not' + rationalis 'rational'.

2. ominous · adjective/ˈɑːmɪnəs/

   giving a hint or warning that something bad is going to happen

   The dark clouds gathered overhead, creating an ominous atmosphere that warned us of an approaching storm.

   Synonyms: sinister, foreboding, menacing

   Origin: from Latin 'ominōsus', meaning 'portending evil or harm', derived from 'omen' which refers to an event or phenomenon that is seen as a portent of a future event.

3. coercive · adjective/koʊˈɜːr.sɪv/

   relating to the use of force or threats to persuade someone to do something

   The government faced criticism for its coercive tactics in forcing citizens to comply with the new regulations.

   Synonyms: forceful, violent, compellent

   Origin: The word 'coercive' comes from the Latin 'coercere', meaning 'to confine' or 'to restrain', which is derived from 'co-' (together) + 'arcere' (to keep in or shut up).

4. dubious · adjective/ˈdu.bi.əs/

   hesitating or doubting

   She had a dubious expression on her face when asked about the project's chances of success.

   Synonyms: skeptical, uncertain, doubtful

   Origin: from Latin 'dubius', meaning 'doubtful'

5. faddish · adjective/ˈfæd.ɪʃ/

   characterized by a trend or craze that is short-lived and often superficial

   The fashion industry is known for its faddish styles that disappear as quickly as they come into vogue.

   Synonyms: trendy, stylish, ephemeral

   Origin: The term 'faddish' originated in the late 19th century, derived from 'fad,' which means a temporary fashion or manner of conduct. 'Fad' itself likely comes from the Middle English 'fadde' (to be in a state of excitement or passion).