arbitrary, vertical, precise, versatile, viable: meanings and examples

Learn these 5 words from SAT Vocabulary Level 1 set 195. Each entry includes a definition, example sentence, pronunciation, and synonyms. Use the interactive cards above to practice them.

1. arbitrary · adjective/ˈɑːrbɪtrɛri/

   based on random choice or personal whim rather than any reason or system

   The selection of the winning team seemed entirely arbitrary, with no clear criteria or rationale behind it.

   Synonyms: capricious, random, whimsical

   Origin: from Latin 'arbitraris', meaning 'determined by judgment', from 'arbiter', meaning 'judge'

2. vertical · adjective/ˈvɜrtɪkəl/

   oriented upward and downward or perpendicular to the ground

   The architect designed a striking building with vertical lines that emphasize its height.

   Synonyms: upright, perpendicular, towering

   Origin: From Latin 'verticālis', which comes from 'vertere' meaning 'to turn'.

3. precise · adjective/prɪˈsaɪs/

   exactly defined or stated

   The scientist provided a precise measurement of the substance, ensuring the results would be accurate.

   Synonyms: exact, accurate, specific

   Origin: from Latin 'praecīsus', meaning 'cut off, cut short', from 'praecīdere', meaning 'to cut off, sever'

4. versatile · adjective/ˈvɜrsəˌtaɪl/

   capable of adapting or being adapted for many different functions or activities

   Her versatile skills in design allow her to work on various projects, from graphic design to interior decoration.

   Synonyms: adaptable, flexible, multifunctional

   Origin: from Latin 'versatilis', meaning 'turning, flexible', from 'versare', meaning 'to turn'

5. viable · adjective/ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/

   capable of working successfully or feasible

   The team proposed a viable solution to reduce waste in the manufacturing process.

   Synonyms: feasible, workable, practical

   Origin: from French 'viable', from Middle French 'viable' (meaning 'living; capable of surviving'), from 'vie' meaning 'life', from Latin 'vita'