recalcitrance
definition
stubborn resistance to authority or control
example
The teacher struggled to maintain order in the classroom due to the students' recalcitrance towards following the rules.
synonyms
defianceresistanceobstinacy
word origin — The word 'recalcitrance' originates from the Latin 'recalcitrant-', which is the present participle of 'recalcitrare', meaning 'to kick back' or 'to be unmanageable'.